• Salzano, E.; Iervolino, I.; Fabbrocino, G., "Seismic risk of atmospheric storage tanks in the framework of quantitative risk analysis", 2003
• FEMA, "HAZUS-MH MR5 Technical Manual - Earthquake Model", 2010
• A. Di Carluccio, I. Iervolino, G. Manfredi, G. Fabbrocino, E. Salzano, "Quantitative probabilistic seismic risk analysis of storage facilities", 2006
• Eidinger J. M.; Avila, E. A.; Ballantyne, D.; Cheng, L.; der Kiureghian, A.; Maison, B. F.; O'Rourke, T. D.; Power, M., "Seismic fragility formulation for water systems", 2001

See FEMA (2010), Table 8.9 (page 8-16). It is also used for tanks in refineries (Table C.8.1, page 8-99).

Eidinger et al. (2001) indicates that the curves are applicable only for (water) tanks that are at least 80% full at the time of the earthquake (Part 2, page 78).

See Di Carluccio et al. (2006), Table 1 (page 219) for probit constants, which supercedes Salzano et al. (2003) Table 5.